What is LL-37?
LL-37 is the only cathelicidin antimicrobial peptide made by the human body, named for its 37 amino acids beginning with two leucines.
How does LL-37 work?
It can disrupt bacterial membranes and also signals to immune cells, playing a role in the skin’s and gut’s first-line defenses.
What are researchers studying?
- ●Antimicrobial activity against bacteria and biofilms
- ●Wound healing
- ●Inflammatory skin conditions
Where does the evidence stand?
Not approved by the FDA as a drug.
Quick facts
- Research area
- Immune
- Also known as
- LL37
- Third-party lab results
- 1 published COAs →
- Tested vendors tracking it
- 2 vendors →
Recent peer-reviewed research
The most relevant LL-37 studies from the last three years, via PubMed (U.S. National Library of Medicine).
- A Dual-Response DNA Origami Platform for Imaging and Treatment of Sepsis-Associated Acute Kidney InjuryAdvanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2025 Apr · PubMed ↗
- Targeted delivery of antimicrobial peptide LL-37 via ferritin fusion improves antibacterial and anti-inflammatory outcomes in a murine sepsis modelInternational journal of biological macromolecules · 2026 Aug 31 · PubMed ↗
- Vitamin D and cathelicidin levels and susceptibility to Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection acquisition in household contactsEnfermedades infecciosas y microbiologia clinica (English ed.) · 2023 Oct · PubMed ↗
- Antiparasitic effect of peptoids against Cryptosporidium parvumMicrobiology (Reading, England) · 2025 Oct · PubMed ↗
- The chemorepellent, SLIT2, bolsters innate immunity against Staphylococcus aureuseLife · 2023 Sep 29 · PubMed ↗
Compare LL-37
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This guide summarizes published research for educational purposes only. It is not medical advice and does not describe how to use LL-37. Citations link to PubMed and are listed for reference — we haven't reviewed or endorsed their findings. Products referenced on The Peptide Audit are sold by third parties for laboratory research use only and are not for human consumption.